The name diamond is derived from the ancient Greek “adamas” meaning unbreakable, untamed and unconquerable.
The Diamond
Each diamond is exceptional and distinctive, yet all diamonds have certain features in common that allow experts to compare and evaluate them.
Four main factors are considered when judging diamond’s quality and value; the diamond’s 4C’s: Carat, Color, Clarity and Cut.
CARAT WEIGHT
Carat is the standard unit of weight for diamonds and other gemstones. One carat equals on fifth of a gram. When weighing less than one carat, the diamond’s weight is expressed in “points”.
CUT
Cut refers to the finish and proportions, and how these factors influence the overall appearance of a diamond.
Many factors determine how light enters the stone, in what way it returns to the eye, and how the stone performs in terms of sparkle. The cut grade is expressed on a scale from excellent to poor.
CLARITY
Sice diamonds form under tremendous heat and pressure, internal and external characteristics are common.
There are two types of clarity characteristics: inclusions and blemisches.
The difference is based on their locations: inclusions are inside the diamond while blemisches are only on its surface.
COLOR
Among the rarest are the D, E and F on a scale that goes to Z.
Color grades are established by comparing each diamond to a set of master comparison diamonds. Each grade represents a range of color. Grading color is done in a specific and controlled lighting environment and according to strict color grading procedures.
More color intensity than Z is called “fancy” color. Diamonds of all colors can be found in nature; over 300 colors have so far been identified, however these come in an infinite number of shades and hues.